Pulverizer or harrow



(N9 Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

, M. BRUNER.

PULVERIZER 0R HARROW.

N6. 509,068. Patented Nov. 21, 189 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN BRUNER, OF BUCKLAND, OHIO.

PULVERIZER- OR HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 509,068, dated November21, 1893.

Application filed March 23,1893.

7 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTIN BRUNER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Buckland, in the county of Auglaize and State of Ohio, haveinvented a new and useful Pulverizer or garrow, of which the followingis a specifica- My invention relates to improvements in pulverizers orharrows adapted to be employed for pulverizing the soil after the samehas been plowed and previous to the planting.

The objects of my invention are to provide a machine of this class andadapted for this purpose, the same being of cheap and simpleconstruction, strong and durable, and designed to pulverize and destroythe clods of earth without turning the same, whereby I secure alightness of draft in the machine; furthermore, to obviate the liabilityof the destruction of the teeth by reason of contacting with hardobjects, as stones,lthat-may lie in the path thereof; and finally toprovide for an automatic cleaning of the disks from all adhering soiland yet at the same time to obviate increasing the draft of the machineby reason of the presence of such scrapers or cleaning-agents.

With these and various other objects in view the invention consists incertain features of construction hereinafter specified and particularlypointed out in the claims.

. Referring to the drawingsz-Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machineconstructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a transversesectional view through the harrow-disks. Fig. 3 is a verticallongitudinal sectional view through the machine. Fig. 4 is a transversesection through the bearing of the front disk-carrying shaft. Fig. 5 isa similar view of the bearing for the main diskcarrying shaft.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures of thedrawings.

In constructing the machine I preferably form the frame of a generaltriangular-shape, the same consisting of the two converging side-bars orbeams 1, and the rear connectingbar or beam 2. The bars or beams 1 areconstructed of metal strap-iron of sufficient gage, each bar or beambeing. formed in a single piece preferably, and accomplished by abending of the blank of each upon itself thereby Serial No. 467,373. (Nomodel.)

producing the rear eyes 3. Between the terminals of the beam thusformedspacing-bolts 4 are located, and thefront terminals of the beamsoverlap each other and'are bolted as at 5 to a head-block 6 to the sidesof which arebolted the terminals of a draft-clevis 7. To every otherspacing-bolt of the series there is pivoted the front end ofa-bell-crankedarm 8, the bending of each arm embracing or oc curringopposite the next adjacent spacingbolt and therear end of the armextending to the rear and being disposed directly in the line of draftof the machine. The rear ends of these arms are in the present instancefolded upon themselves to form sockets 9, and in the same are locatedvertical standards whose lower ends are widened and their front edgesbeveled to form cutting edges 11, below which the said standards areshaped to form triangular horizontally-disposed blades 12.

, To each of the arms 8 there is pivoted as at 14 a curved colter 13,the upper ends of which are. connected by means of rods 15, to atransverse rock-shaft 16, whose ends are j ournaled in bearings 17,mounted upon the beams 1 in front of theireyes 3. The rock-shaft isoperated through the medium of ahand-lever 18, which is located in closerelation to a seat 19, for the accommodation of the driver, the seatbeing supported upon suitable standards 20, secured to the framework. Ineach of the eyes 3 there is located a cylindrical, and

preferably wooden, bearing-block 21, whose inner end is conical,,andsaid bearing-block is provided with a longitudinal bore 22.

The outer ends of a pair of tubular shafts 23, are provided with conicalbushings 24, which fit over the inner endsof the bearings and have theirouter ends providedwith annular securing-flanges having perforations. Acentral beam 25, likewise formed of strapiron has its rear end bent toform an eye. 26 (see Fig. 2), and the same receives a doubleendedconical wooden bearing-block 27, having a central bore 28. Conicalbushing-s29, fit the inner ends of the shafts and the outer conical endsof the bearing-blocks, and said and 27 is a tie-rod 31, andthe same isprovided at its ends with nuts 32 located beyond the ends of theend-bearings 21. Located upon these shafts 23 is aseries of alternatelyarranged harrow-disks and space-disks, designated at 33, and 34,respectively, and through the entire series securing-rods 35 are passed,the ends of the rods also passing through the flanges at the outer endsof the bosses of the end-bearings. Thus it will be seen that all wear ofthe bearings may be compensated for by a tightening up of the nuts 32,and also that the bearings are so constructed as to reduce to a minimumthe possibility of dust gaining access thereto.

Alternating with and located between the disks 3, loose rings 36 (nearlyequaling in diameter said disks 33), are located, the same being formedof spring-metal, and the functions of the same are to clean the sides ofthe disks from alladhering soil. Their operation will be readilyapparent upon an examination of Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings, and itwill beseen that as the disks sink into the ground the rings are pressedupward by the weight of the disks so that the weight of the machineitself causes the rings to rise and consequently scrape the soil fromthe surfaces of the disks and prevent the picking up of the soil by thedisks. While thus adapting the weight of the machine to operate thecleaning devices the draft of the machine is not increased by thepresence of the rings, which is the case where the ordinary scrapers areemployed which constantly scrape the sides of the disks.

Fulcrumed in the central beam 25, as indicated at 38, is a lever 39,which at its rear end extends within easy grasp of a person sitting uponthe seat 19, and this lever is let into a conical wooden bearing-blockor stud 40, recessed upon its outer side, as at 41, for the reception ofthe lever, all as shown in Fig. 5. Mounted upon the conicalbearing-portion of the block is an interiorly and conically bored boss42, which at its middle is provided with an annular. flange 43, and atits outer end is screw-threaded as at 4.4. A harrowdisk 45 is mounted onthis end, and a Washer 46 slipped over the end against the disk, thesame being held in place by means of a capnut 47. The bearing-stud 4:0is bored', and a bolt 48 passes through the stud and the lever 39, andat the side of the latter is provided with anut 49. This disk is locatedin advance of the space formed by the central bearing 26 and the beam25, so that no portion of the soil remains unharrowed.

In operation the lever 18 is first swung to the rear so as to depressthe colter-blades 13 a desired distance, and to a certain extentregulate the depth of penetration of the triangular plows or blades 12,which may be given more or less inclination by means of the adjusting-bolts which hold them in position. When the colter-bars have beenlowered and the plows or blades 12 properly adjusted the machine isstarted and the colter-bars serve to cut the soil in front of the plows,and

the latter passing loosely thereunder loosen it up. At the same time itwill be seen that the soil is not turned by the plows, but being looseis simply slipped under the same, and being followed by thebarrow-disks, it will be obvious that the soil loosened from underneath,is then slit by the colters and the edges of the plows, and finally thedisks finely chop or comminute any clods that may have not become brokenby the colters and the plows.

By raising and lowering the front disk it will be seen that the plowsare elevated from the ground or are lowered to the position that may bedesired, so that the machine may be transported when the plows are insuch elevated position. The plows it will be seen will naturally remainin the line of draft, but should they at any time come in contact withan obstruction through which they could not pass they will, by reason oftheir loose pivoting and the inclined edges at the front, be deflectedby such object, the said inclined front edges riding against the objectafter which the plows are returned automatically to the line of draft.

From the foregoing description in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, it will be seen that I have provided a pulverizer or harrowadapted to most effectuallyoperate upon plowed ground without turningthe same and thereby increasing the draft; furthermore, that the disksare allself-cleaning, requiring no attention, and are operated in theircapacities by the weight of-the machine, and thereby do not increase thedraft by their presence. 1

Various changes in the details of my invention will suggest themselvestothose conversant with this class of machines, and I therefore do notlimit my invention to those details herein shown, but hold that I mayvary the same to any degree and to any extent within the knowledge ofpersons conversant with the same.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In a harrow, thecombination with aharrow-bar, of arms loosely pivoted to the harrow-barand having their rear ends bent upon themselves to form sockets,binding-screws passed through the bent portions in front of the sockets,standards arranged in the sockets, and triangular plows arranged at thelower ends of the standards, substantially as specified.

2. In a harrow, the combination with aharrow-bar arranged diagonally tothe line of draft, and consisting of upper and lower metalsections, andspacing-bolts connecting the sections, of bell-cranked shape armspivoted to every other spacing-bolt and bent around the next adjacentbolt, and plow-carrying standards connected to the rear ends of thearms, substantially as specified.

3. The combination with a triangular harrow-frame, a rock-shaftjournaled inthe rear end thereof, and a hand-lever for operating theshaft, ofa series of arms loosely connected to the converging side-beamsof the harrow-frame, plow-carrying standards connected to the rear endsof the arms, curved colter: bars pivoted to the arms and located at thesides of the standards, and connecting-rods between the shaft and theupper ends of the colter-bars, substantially as specified.

4. Ina harrow, the combination with a triangular-frame, a rock-shaft andits hand-lever, said shaft being journaled at the rear end of the frame,of a series of arms connected; to the converging beams of the frame,stand ards connected to the arms and provided with plows at their lowerends, curved colter-bars pivoted to the arms and taking at the sides ofthe standards and having their front con- I vex edges reduced to formcutting edges, and

connecting-rods between the rock-shaft and the upper ends of thecolter-bars, substantially as specified. V

5. In a harrow, the combination with opposite bearing-eyes, conicalplugs seated in the eyes, a binding-rod passing through the plugs andhaving nuts, a hollow shaft mounted on the :rod and flared to bear uponthe plug, a flange at each end of the shaft, and a series ofharrow-disks and space-disksalternately conical bushings located in theends of the shafts and provided at their outer ends with annularperforated securing-flanges or disks, of the binding-rod passedthroughthe bearing-blocks, the nutson the ends of the same, the series ofharrow and spacing-disks alternately arranged upon the shafts, andtie-rods passing through the same and the flanges of the bushings,substantially as specified.

7. In a harrow, the combination with a triangular frame, a transverseshaft in rear of the same, a series of disks carried by the shaft, and arock-shaft in front of the disks, of a lever for operatingtherock-shaft, a series of arms pivoted to the converging sidebeams ofthe frame, plow-carrying standards secured to the rear ends of the arms,colterbars pivoted upon the arms at the sides of the standards, andconnecting-rods between the upper ends of the colter-bars and the rockshaft, substantially as specified.

-8. In a harrow, the combination with the triangular frame having theopposite end and .central bearings, the two shafts journaled in thebearings, the harrow and spacing-disks alternately located upon theshafts and secured together, of the series of plowsarranged in front ofthe disks and connected to the side-beams of the frame, the-curved leverpivoted to the central beam, and the disk carried thereby, substantiallyas specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto afiixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

- MARTIN BRUNER.

Witnesses:

GEORGE DELASHMUTT, D. O. BRORIEN.

